BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF QUAIL EGGS AND BLOOD WITH FEED ADDITIVES APPLICATION

. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of Echinacea pallida phytobiotic additives on the eggs and blood biochemical composition. Echinacea pallida is becoming more The researched supplement application in the quail diet causes a tendency to increase the number of erythrocytes by 0.8%, leukocytes by 3.3%, total blood protein by 15.1%, albumin by 10.5% and globulin by 19.3%, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), compared with the control indicator.


Introduction
Consumer requirements for the biological integrity, safety and taste of livestock products are increasing all over the world every year. Healthy human nutrition is not possible without rational and balanced feeding of animals, including poultry (Podobed L The issue of meeting the population needs for more environmentally friendly products is rather topical, it led to a ban on antibiotics application in European countries (Shteiner T., 2010;Grashorn M. A., 2010). That's why scientists and practitioners are looking for new feed additives of plant origin containing biologically active substances which increase productivity, strengthen the immune system and improve digestive processes, the inherent mildness and low toxicity also characterize the above-mentioned supplement ( The species of Echinacea are excellent plant biostimulants that stimulate immunity of a living organism, increase resistance performing antibacterial, antiinflammatory, immunostimulatory and adaptogenic effects (Samorodov V Thus, the aim of the experiment was to research the effect of Echinacea pallida phytobiotic additives on egg biochemical composition and blood.

Material and methods
Research of the Echinacea pallida extract feed additive effectiveness for the quails feeding was conducted at Vinnytsia National Agrarian University research farm according to the general research scheme.
The scientific experiment was conducted on four groups of laying hens of Manchurian Golden quails. The duration of the experiment was 180 days. Four groups-analogues were selected for the experiment, 50 birds in each group. The control group consumed a basic diet (BD). The experimental groups were additionally fed by different doses of Echinacea pallida feed additive extract ( We have researched the egg amino acid composition was determined in the laboratory of the Biochemistry Research Institute named after O.V. Paladin (Kyiv) by TTT 339 automatic analyzer using LG ANB cation exchange resin with SO 3 active group.
Morphological and biochemical parameters of blood were researched at Vinnytsia veterinary regional laboratory.

Results and discussion
According to our research results, the dry matter content of the 3rd experimental group egg yolk increased by 0.8% (p <0.001). This indicator was 0.4% (p <0.05) in the 4 th group; it was lower than in the control group (Table 2). The second group quails have the yolk protein highest level. It was higher by 2.5 % (P<0.001) in the second group than in control one. This indicator decreased by 3.5% and 3% (P<0.01) respectively in the third and fourth experimental groups.
The medium and maximum doses of Echinacea pallida extract increase the fat content in egg yolks by 4.3% and 2.4%, respectively (P<0.001). The minimum dose of Echinacea pallida extract decreases the yolks fat content by 1.5 % (P<0.001).
It should be noted that egg yolk ash amount decreased respectively by 0.5%, 1.0% and 0.5% compared to the control (P <0.001).
It should be noted that the nitrogen-free extractives content was higher in the 3 rd group by 1.2% and 4 th group by 0.9% compared to the control one.
The researched additive different doses reduce the dry matter content of egg white by 0.2% (P<0.01), 0.7% and 0.2% (P<0.001) respectively compared to the control group.
The protein level of white egg increased by 5% and 5.1% (P<0.01) in the third and fourth groups.
The quails of experimental groups have the lowest amount of ash, respectively by 0.7%, 0.8% and 0.5% (P <0.001) compared to the first group.
The nitrogen-free extractives content decreases by 4.5% and 4.4% (P<0.05) under the action of the medium (third group) and maximum (fourth group) doses of Echinacea pallida extract. The nitrogen-free extractives content increases by 2.3% under the action of the minimum (second group). However, no significant difference with control is detected.
The ash accumulation highest level in the eggshell was recorded in the 3 rd and 4 th experimental groups, respectively by 5.6% and 2.8% (P<0.001). This indicator decreased by 0.9% (P<0.001) in the 2 nd group.
Quail eggs are one of the most important dietary foods. They contain such amino acids as lysine, histidine, threonine, glycine, tyrosine, and aspartic acid. That's why we have also studied the amino acid composition of egg white (Table 3).
It was found that the use of the minimum and medium dose of Echinacea pale extract increases the content of lysine and threonine in egg protein, respectively, by 0.14%, 1.47% (P<0.001) and 0.25%, 0.26% 0.001) compared with the control.
There is an aspartic acid increase in the egg white content in the 2 nd and 3 rd groups, by 0.19% and 0.59% (P <0.001), respectively. The above-mentioned indicator decreases by 0.31% (P<0.001) in the 4 th group.
It was found out that there is a probable decrease of proline in the egg white content by 0.15% (P<0.01) and 0.2% (P<0.001) under the action of the minimum and maximum doses of the researched additive.
There is a probable increase of isoleucine by 0.35%, 0.22% (P <0.001) and leucine by 0.36%, 0.3% (p <0.001) in the 2 nd and 3 rd experimental poultry groups. However, the isoleucine content decreases by 0.05% (P<0.001) in the 4 th experimental group; the leucine content is on the same level with the 1 st group.
Thus, the Echinacea pallida extract application for quails feeding cause increasing of essential amino acids amount by 4.02 %, 4.63 % and 1.28 %, respectively, in the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th experimental groups. However, control group quails have greater amount of substituted amino acids, it was higher by 49.88 % than other experimental quails.
The mineral composition of the main parts of the eggs of laying quails varied depending on the additional feeding by different doses of Echinacea pallida extract  (Table 4). Poultry of the experimental groups better accumulate calcium in egg yolks, respectively, by 43.6%, 54.9% and 60.9% than the control group poultry.

Table 4. Mineral composition of the experimental quail eggs, (M ± m, n = 4) (based on absolutely dry matter)
The phosphorus amount increased by 5.0 % and 3.0 % (P <0.001), respectively in the 3 rd and 4 th experimental groups. The level of above-mentioned element accumulation decreased by 6.7 % in the 2 nd group than in the control one.
It should be noted that quails fed by the minimum dose of the researched additive have increased iron content in egg yolks by 23.6% (P<0.001), and quails fed by the medium and maximum doses have decreased iron content in egg yolks by 15.7% (P<0.001) and 12.5% (P<0,01) compared with control analogues.
The experimental quails have the highest level of zinc accumulation in egg yolks, it was higher by 14.4% (P <0.01), 29.9% and 18.6% (P <0.001) than the control indicator.
It should be noted that the application of Echinacea pallida extracts different doses significantly reduced the manganese amount in egg yolks by 36%, 70.2% and 34.1% (P <0.001) compared to the control.
However, in the second and third groups the yolk copper content increased by 31.3% and 19.1% (P <0.001), in the fourth group it decreased by 4.7% (P <0.05).
The level of calcium and phosphorus accumulation in egg white was quite high in all experimental groups; it was by 55.2%, 58.4% (P <0.05), 30.4% and 28.6% (P <0.001), 2.3% (P <0.05), 0.3% more than in the first group.
It was found that the iron content of eggs white increases by 36.9 mg / kg in the 2 nd poultry group, by 10.1 mg / kg in the 3 rd poultry group and by 14.2 mg / kg (P <0.001) in the 4 th poultry group compared to the control indicator.
It is known that the processes of cellular respiration, growth and development, protein metabolism, increased phagocytosis, and increased immunity are dependent on the zinc content in the body.
According to the obtained data, the content of the above-mentioned trace element increased by 15.4 mg / kg in the 2 nd experimental group.
It should be noted that there was a manganese content decrease by 17.9% (P <0.05) in the 2 nd group and by 6.9% in the 3 rd group fed by the minimum and medium doses of phytobiotics respectively. When quails were fed by the highest dose, we observed this trace element increase by 18.7% (P <0.01) in the 4 th experimental group.
According to our research data, there is a decrease in copper amount decrease in egg white in the 2 nd and 3 rd experimental groups by 19.7% (P <0.001) and 4.7% (P <0.01) respectively. The copper level increased by 14.1% (P <0.001) in the 4 th group.
It should be noted that the calcium amount in the quail eggshell increased by 11.1 %, 18.6 % (P <0.05) and 7.2 % in all experimental groups than the control indicator. Its composition is similar to human teeth and bones because it consists of 90% calcium carbonate. Eggshell is well absorbed by the body, stimulates the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow, and also contains all the essential trace elements.
The lowest zinc amount in quail eggshell was recorded in the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups, it was lower by 33.1% (P <0.001), 20.2% and 12.5% (P <0.01) than the control analogues.
Thus, the aim of scientific research was to study the effect of different doses of Echinacea pallida extract on the fat-soluble vitamins content in the quail egg yolks (Table 5).
According to Table 5 data, the vitamin A content of egg yolk probably increases by 6.6% (P<0.05) in the 2 nd quail group, by 15.4% in the 3 rd quail group and by 26.1% (P <0.001) in the 4 th quail group than the 1 st quail group.
It was found that researched additive minimum dose added to the laying hens diet increases the vitamin D 3 content in egg yolk by 7.1% (P <0.001). However, medium and maximum doses decrease this figure by 16.7 % and 11.6% (P <0.001).
It should be noted that the vitamin E content in egg yolk increased by 6.8%, 1.9% and 4.9% in the experimental groups compared with the control group.
Thus, we can conclude that different doses of Echinacea pallida extract had a positive effect on egg quality, accumulation of fat-soluble vitamins in yolks, which ISSN 2567-5273 www.moderntechno.de 135 are extremely important for normal functioning and development of the human body. According to quail blood morphological parameters, the Echinacea pallida extract influences on them in different ways; blood morphological parameters are presented in table 6. The addition of an average dose of Echinacea pallida extract to compound feed increases the erythrocytes content by 0.8% and leukocytes content by 3.3%. However, no significant difference was recorded.
It was found that Echinacea pallida extract different doses application has a positive effect on the biochemical parameters of the quail blood (Table 7). The level of total blood protein increased by 15.1 %, its fractions increased similarly, i.e. albumin by 10.5% and globulin by 19.3% 4 th experimental poultry group compared with the control one.
Feeding laying-hens by Echinacea pallida extract different doses increased the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by 6.3%; 1.3% and 6.1% in the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th experimental groups respectively.
The poultry of the 4 th experimental group had a higher activity of alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin by 10.8% and 27.9% respectively compared with the first control group.
It should be noted that the cholesterol and triglycerides amount in quail blood decreases by 19.2%, 19.0%, 13.6% and 17.4%, 12.9%, 5.4% in the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th experimental quail groups compared to the control indicator.
Poultry fed additionally by the minimum, average and maximum doses of the researched supplement had an increased glucose level compared to control analogues.
According to research data, the 4 th group poultry had a tendency to decrease creatinine, urea and calcium in the blood by 35%, 38.8% and 7.9%, respectively, compared to the bird of the control group.
Thus, the Echinacea pallida extract had no negative effect on a poultry organism, and no essential changes of blood indicators were noted.

Conclusions
The quail diets enrichment by phytobiotic additive increased the fat content by 2.4%, nitrogen-free extractives by 0.9% in egg yolks, the level of protein accumulation by 5.1% in egg white compared to control. The Echinacea pallida extract increased content of amino acids and minerals in quail eggs compared with the control group. The application of phytobiotics to feed of laying hens increased vitamin A accumulation by 26.1%, vitamin D 3 by 7.1% and vitamin E by 6.8% in egg yolks.
The researched supplement application in the quail diet increase the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, total blood protein, albumin and globulins compared with the control indicator.