MIGRATION CRISIS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL AND NATIONAL SECURITY

. We live in the era of global migration, which increasingly influences the domestic and foreign policies of national states, interstate relations, and also determines and shapes the policy of national and global security. Migration actualizes the problems of cultural and ethnic heterogeneity, national and cultural differences, segregation and discrimination. The migration policy of different countries has its own peculiarities, which determines different approaches to resolving the migration crisis. It is natural that in the process of taking more effective measures to respond to the migration crisis, the activities of the world and national media are being updated.


Introduction.
It is known that in recent decades migration processes have intensified in the world, ethnic diversity in many European countries has begun to be clearly traced. Today, migration processes are in the center of attention of the world community, and the migration crisis actualizes numerous socio-political discussions, ways and means of its resolution. Since 2015, this issue has become particularly acute for the prospects of global development, threatening global and national security. In the modern world, issues of global and national security in the context of migration processes put on the agenda a number of specific problems in the field of security policy and interstate cooperation, determine the readiness of States and citizens to respond to crisis situations. Agreements of international structures and national States in the field of global and national security are of great importance.
It should be emphasized that in the conditions of the migration crisis, the activities of the mass media are of great importance for analyzing socio-political and demographic processes in the world, for ensuring the necessary public discourse and reforms and decision-making on a number of issues related to global and national security.
Main text.
It is widely known that mass media contain a huge potential for developing priorities and planning measures to resolve crisis situations, including in the field of migration (countering disinformation, xenophobia, escalation, public unrest, etc.). The media also provide transparency in the coverage of migration processes, contribute to the adoption of necessary decisions on a number of issues in the information and legislative sphere.
At the same time, it should be noted that the presence of pretentiousness, subjectivity in the analysis and coverage of migration processes by the mass media have a twofold effect and can lead to negative consequences. It is natural that various forms of interstate cooperation in the field of migration security, including through the media, contribute to preventing conflicts on ethno-national grounds and reducing escalation, establishing and strengthening interethnic and interstate dialogue.
In the modern world, the pandemic and the migration crisis have led to further differentiation of approaches to migration policy. Some EU member states (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain) have closed their consular and immigration offices or transferred them to contactless electronic format [1].
Changes and restrictions have also affected transport links. It should be noted that as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, the number of international migrants decreased by about 2 million people -to 281 million instead of the expected 283 million [2]. For example, in 2020, immigration to the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) halved compared to 2019. In Canada, the number of migrants decreased by 45 percent, and in Australia -by 70 percent. To compensate for the negative impact on its economy, Canada has launched a program to recruit 400,000 immigrants in 2021, 2022 and 2023. The number of migrants arriving in Saudi Arabia has decreased tenfold.
At the same time, the pandemic has led not only to a reduction in migration volumes, but also to an increase in migrant phobia and xenophobia in countries receiving and integrating migrants. In particular, in Germany, the Federal Agency for Combating Discrimination noted an increase in the number of statements concerning discrimination on racial and anti-Semitic grounds. Thus, "in an effort to prevent the development of these negative trends, a number of countries and international organizations have initiated information campaigns in the hope of influencing public opinion -including in order to refute propaganda claims that the pandemic is a consequence of immigration. The UN has issued recommendations for government organizations and media structures to counter the propaganda and spread of hatred in connection with COVID-19...A number of local communities, including Barcelona and New York, have also initiated local campaigns to combat xenophobic disinformation. In Germany, the Federal Agency for Combating Discrimination has provided an opportunity to receive support for victims of discrimination. In Finland, the Government has conducted a large-scale campaign to debunk myths about the connection of the pandemic with immigration. In addition, some countries disseminate information about the contribution of immigrants to the fight against the pandemic. Procedures for the naturalization of immigrants -medical and other personnel involved in the fight against the pandemic -have been significantly accelerated in France [3].
The growth of xenophobia and migrant phobia in various countries has not led to a significant surge in intolerance, but there is no noticeable decline either. For example, right-wing extremism was on the rise in Germany in 2020. In 2021, 60 percent of citizens in the United States expressed dissatisfaction with the decisions of the new administration in connection with the situation on the border with Mexico [4;5] In Russia, the problem of reducing the level of migrant phobia is that in the conditions of a progressive economic crisis and ... a pandemic, migrants are a convenient target for radical politicians ... to reduce social tension [6].
It is difficult to talk about the reduction of the level of migrant phobia in Russia, since a comprehensive system of integration and adaptation of migrants has not yet ISSN 2567-5273 www.moderntechno.de 51 been created and is not being funded. This could smooth out many sharp corners in overcoming the contradictions between the rural culture of the majority of arriving migrants and the urban culture of the Russian cities receiving them (the main, but not so noticeable contradiction for most), which overlap with the more obvious ... cultural and religious differences between migrants and local residents [6]. As noted in the report, "By increasing xenophobia and anti-immigrant sentiment in many host countries, as well as sharply reducing migration flows, the pandemic simultaneously led to a radical structural restructuring of the labor market and highlighted the dependence of the economies of the countries...from migrant workers. The consequence of this crisis may be a serious revision of migration policy in many host countries.
Currently, a number of countries around the world (for example, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Finland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, etc.) have made changes to their migration legislation that facilitate entry into the country and recruitment of medical personnel from abroad [7]. These statistics demonstrate positive changes not only in the approach of political elites to this issue, but also in the public opinion of host countries in relation to migration. Nevertheless, we should not rule out an increase in tension due to the migration crisis in the countries receiving migrants.
When discussing the prospects of globalization and the future of the world community, it is necessary to pay special attention to the attitude of citizens of various states to migrants and, in general, to the migration process. In this context, it becomes clear that the media have the greatest influence on the formation of the right approach to a public problem. In other words, the socio-political agenda formulated by the media actualizes the ways and means of resolving the migration crisis[8;9;10;11].

Summary and conclusions.
Thus, at the present stage of historical development, the world community, national governments, and especially the media bear collective responsibility for the formation of a humane and effective system for managing migration processes in order to prevent xenophobic and nationalistic sentiments. The activities of the media in the coverage and analysis of migration problems can contribute to the formation and adoption of new migration legislation, new regulations and norms regarding various risks and threats to national and global security.
In a globally interconnected world, objective coverage of processes on the pages of the media is becoming especially important in order to prevent a unilateral interpretation of socio-political processes and prevent a social explosion, taking into account the hostile and irreconcilable attitude of some groups of the population of host countries to the migration policy pursued by national governments.